Enhancing Thermal Performance of Hollow Bricks with Wheat Straw

Abstract

One method for reducing a building’s carbon footprint is to use bio-based construction materials capable of passively adjusting thermal performance. Extensive construction using cement hollow blocks creates energy concerns due to their inherent low thermal insulation. This study explores the potential of wheat straw, a readily available agricultural residue, as a sustainable insulation material for these blocks. Straw, a common agricultural byproduct, is being studied for its potential as a new type of insulation. Four test walls were constructed: one with no insulation and three with varying compacted wheat straw densities. Heat flow measurements revealed significant reductions (82.80–38.95%) in insulated walls compared with the non-insulated wall, highlighting the effectiveness of wheat straw insulation. Further analysis confirmed improved thermal performance with decreasing U-value (heat transfer rate) and increasing R-value (thermal resistance) in insulated walls. Notably, the highest compaction density (82.80% energy saving potential) demonstrated the greatest significant improvement. These findings suggest that wheat straw presents a promising, eco-friendly solution for enhancing the thermal insulation of cement hollow blocks, potentially leading to significant energy savings and environmental benefits in the construction sector.